Improvement in engines for carding and drawing wool



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES JACKSON AND JAMES MOIR, OF CAZENOVIA, NE\V YORK.

IMPROVEMENT lN ENGINES FOR CARDING AND DRAWING WOOL.

Speeication forming part of Letters Patent No. 7,072, dated February 5, 1850.

T0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, OHARLES JACKSON and JAMES MoIR, of Cazenovia, in the county of Madison and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement on Machinery for Carding and Drawing Vool; and we hereby do declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being 4had to the accompanying` drawings, formingl a part of this specification, in which- Figure l is a top or birds-eye view; Fig. 2, a side elevationshowing the reciprocating rod of the condensing-cylinder. Fig. 3 is an end view of said rod. Fig. 4l is a side elevation showing the opposite side of the machine to that represented by Fig. 2. Fig. 5 `is an end view of the reciprocating rod which vibrates the rub-rolls. Fig. 0 is an end view of the twist-band.

The same letters refer to like parts on the figures.

The nature of our invention consists in providing a condensing-cylinder with a reciprocating rod, to give the said cylinder a reciprocating motion, in combination with its usual rotary motion, so as to spread out and mix the Wool better than has been heretofore done for the production of better roving and to obviate the employment of more than one doffer; also, in providing a twisting-band and diawingrolls, to be used in combination with rubbing-rolls of the common construction to draw the roving on the carding-machine, reducing it prepared for the jack or spinningframe.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use our invention, we will proceed to describe it-s construction and operation.

A is a frame constructed in the usual manner.

B is the condensing carding-cylinder, and l) a are the common workers and clearers. rThe surfaces of these are covered with cards in the usual way.

C is a licker-in. D is a'dot'fer. c c are the usual rings of cards on the doifer. These parts need not be further described.

The dierence between our condensing card-cylinder and others in use consists in giving it a reciprocating side-te-side motion while it is revolving, to spread and mix the wool better than merely bya rotary motionthe only motion which common carding-machines have.

E is the shaft of the condensing-cylinder. It extends a short distance over the side of the frame. The distance between the sides of the frameA is greater than the breadth of the cylinder to allow the cylinder to move the required distance from side to side.

F is a rod, which has a notch g on the top of it.

f is a ring secured to the collar on the shaft E and gears into the notch g to connect the rod F and the shaft E of the cylinderl F together. The rod F is secured to the side of the frame by a free center or pivot Gr.

I is a longitudinal shaft secured to revolve in proper bearings on the side of the frame.

H is a pulley iixed on the said shaft. This pulley has a pin c iixed in it a short distance from the center, which pin passes through a slot in the lower cud of the rod F, as seen in Fig. 3.

h is a band passing from the small pulley or colla-r on the end of the shaft Eand around the pulley 1I. \Vhen the cylinder B, therefore, is revolved, the band 7L gives motion to the pulley below and thus moves the rod F, which, being hung eccentrically on the pulley and oscillating on the pivot orfulcrum G, gives a reciprocating or side-to-side motion to the condensi11g-cylinder B while it is revolving. This double motion of the condensingcyliw der spreads and mixes the wool in carding far better than can be done by the common simple motion of the carding-machine now in use, and, as it is well known that on the carding operation both in the cotton and woolen manufacture, the Iinishing quality of the cloth is dependent, any improvement in carding is very important.

The rub-rollers receive a double motion, as follows: l

R R are two extended rubbing-rollers. They are hung to rest on the cylinder M, and when it moves they receive a rotary motion from it. These rub-rolls are suspended on bearing-arms to revolve in their bearings.

S is an extended axle or reciprocating shaft to which the suspension-arms of the rub-rolls are secured. The shaft S does not revolve, but is hung in bearings on the posts t t2; but while it does not revolve it has a traverse lnotion, which thus moves the rub-rolls from side to side, while the cylinder M gives them a rotary motion at the same time.

The reciprocating motion is given to the axle S as follows: A band r, Fig. 5, passes from the shaft E around a pulley J5, on the side of which, a short distance from the center of it, is a pin p, which is connected to and forms afree joint in the lower end of the rod O, the upper part of which is connected by a joint to the angular arm N, which is secured at its vertex to a bar or plavte attached to the post t2, vibrating on the said bar by a pivot-joint. Then motion is communicated to the rod O by the pulley J5, the armN rocks and moves the axle S from side to side, giving it a reciprocating motion by the arm N being connected to the axle S by a bar N2, as

v`-represented in Fig.

The surfaces of the rub-rolls are covered with leather, and the slivers of wool as they come from the doffer pass between the said rub-rolls and the cylinder M, and by the ac tion of the said rub-rolls the slivers of wool are formed into roping.

T is a cross-twist band. It is double, passing around and driven by the pulley J l and up at the side of the frame, Fig. 2, between two small friction-wheels Z2 Z3 (indicated by dotted lines, Fig. l) in the end of the bar or plate W W, which is secured to the frame A. The top part `of the band T runs in one direction While the under part is running in the contrary direction, and the roping from the rub-rolls passes between or through the said band.

X X are the drawii'lgrolls. They are fixed to play on their axles in small upraised bearings or arms, which extend up from ,and are secured to the plate Y, as seen in Fig. l. These drawing-rollers are suspended on their axles to rest on or rub on the surface of the extended under roller Z, which receives motion from the pulley J4, Fig. 2. These drawing-rolls are constructed to operate upon the well-known principle to draw out and attenuate the roping of wool by their having a quicker motion than the surface motion of the rub-,rolls and cylinder M. The rub-rolls have the same amount of surface rotary motion asvthe d'offer.

J J 2 are pulleys secured on axles which are inserted and run in bushes or journal-boxes in the side of the frame A. In the inside of the pulleys J J2 are secured small pinions V Y2Fig. l.

K is a band from the shaft E, extending around J and drives it. The pinion V drives the cog-wheelL on the axle of the doffer D, land thus' the doffer is driven. The cog-wheel Il rneshes into the pinion V2 and gives motion to the pulley J 2 and to the belt vl, as seen in Fig. l, which gives motion .to the cylinder M of the rub-rolls. The belt z" gives motion to the pulley J l and drives the roller Z, and thus gives motion to the drawing-rolls.

le have thus explained how motion is communicated to all the machinery.

The sheet of wool is fed into the licker-in C. It is taken off by the cards on the condensing-cylinder B, carried to the worker a, taken off by it, and then stripped by the clearer b, then carried forward from the clearer by the condensing-cylinder, and so on till the sheet comes to the doffer, when it is taken off the cylinder, and by the cardrings on the said doffer it is made into slivers, and then the slivers are received between the rub-rolls and the cylinder M, then between the lap of the cross-twist band, and then drawn out by the drawing-rolls X and received without any twist as drawn roping fit for the jack or the spinning-frame.

The way in which the roping is left without twist after having passed through or between the twist-band requires further explanation.

Vhen the ends of the strands of Wool, as they must be, are first drawn into their places between the rub-rolls through the belt and between the drawing-rolls, they have no twist in them. Then the machine is set in motion, the cross-twist band twirls all the roping that passes through it afterward, leaving it in a fit state to be subjected to the action of the drawing-rolls, but that part of the strand or roping drawn through without a counter-twist, andthe action of the drawingrolls being` irst on it no twist can be made on it. Therefore as the pressure of the drawing-rolls is first exerted upon an untwisted,

strand they afterward receive the twisted roping from the band T and draw it in that state, but are still acting upon it to leave it free from twist, like the first part of the strand, and therefore by practical operation in this machine the finished roping, after it has left the drawing-rolls a few inches, becomes perfectly free from twist and remains t0 the end.

No condensing cardcylinder in use has a reciprotating and rotary motion, but merely a rotary motion. The compound motion of the carding-cylinder, besides spreading and mixing the wool better, also keeps the cardteeth better pointed, and this is a great advantage.

No carding1nacl1i11e in use forms roping and draws it at one continued operation, leaving it without twist.

Having thus explained our invention, we claiml. The combination of what is termed the main or condensing cylinder With the reciprocating rod F, to give the carding-cylin dera reciprocating side-to-side motion, in

combination with its rotary motion, in the @aiding-machine, in the mann er Substantially I as herein described, or in any other maid gous manner.

CHARLES JACKSON. JAMES MoIR.

\Vitn eSSeS:

BENJN. T. CLARKE, THoS. B. DoDD. 

